How Mangalyaan-2 will land on Mars: ISRO chief reveals plan |

India is gearing up for a significant leap in planetary exploration with Mangalyaan-2, its second mission to Mars. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has revealed an formidable plan to land a spacecraft on Mars’ floor. This will be a primary for the nation.
This mission builds on the success of Mangalyaan-1 (Mars Orbiter Mission), which was launched in 2013 and have become the primary Indian spacecraft to achieve Mars. Remarkably, it achieved this feat on its maiden try. Mangalyaan-1 exceeded expectations by functioning for over eight years, far past its authentic six-month mission life.

According to ISRO Chief Dr. V. Narayanan, Mangalyaan-2 will be launched aboard the highly effective LVM3 rocket and positioned in an elliptical Earth orbit of 190 x 35,786 km. The spacecraft, weighing round 4,500 kg, is made up of two essential parts: the Cruise Stage and the Descent Stage. The Cruise Stage is accountable for powering and navigating the spacecraft throughout its lengthy journey by way of area. It comprises the engines, photo voltaic panels, communication programs, and different assist tools wanted to maintain the mission on monitor whereas travelling from Earth to Mars. Attached to it’s the Descent Stage, which comprises the lander and is designed particularly for the ultimate section of the mission.
After a number of months of interplanetary journey, because the spacecraft nears Mars, the Descent Stage will separate and start its entry into the Martian ambiance. Unlike earlier missions that enter Mars’ orbit earlier than touchdown, Mangalyaan-2 will carry out a direct entry, that means the Descent Stage will plunge straight into the ambiance with out first orbiting the planet. This technique presents important challenges and is taken into account a significant technological development for ISRO.
As the Descent Stage enters the skinny Martian ambiance, which is about 100 instances thinner than Earth’s, it will face what NASA calls the “seven minutes of terror,” a vital interval throughout which the spacecraft should survive intense warmth, excessive speeds, and quickly altering situations. The touchdown sequence will start with aerobraking to sluggish the spacecraft utilizing atmospheric drag, adopted by the deployment of supersonic parachutes and a heat-resistant aeroshell to additional scale back pace and defend the lander. At an altitude of roughly 1.3 kilometres above the Martian floor, powered descent engines will ignite and punctiliously management the ultimate method, guiding the lander to a protected and exact landing.

Helicopter to survey the Martian land

A standout function of Mangalyaan-2 is the inclusion of a mini helicopter, impressed by NASA’s profitable Ingenuity drone. This rotorcraft will allow India to discover the Martian terrain from the air and prolong scientific attain past the fast touchdown web site.
The helicopter’s function will be to survey the panorama, help in navigation, and doubtlessly scout places for future missions.

Timeline of Mangalyaan 2 mission

Although ISRO has not confirmed an official launch date, the discharge of such an in depth and forward-looking mission plan indicators India’s severe intent to affix the elite membership of countries which have efficiently landed and operated expertise on Mars.
Mangalyaan-2 is not only about reaching the Red Planet. It is about touchdown, exploring, and showcasing India’s technological capabilities in deep area missions.
With this mission, India is ready to push the boundaries of what’s attainable and goals to make historical past as one of many few nations to land and fly on Mars.
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